The chronology of this section includes 15th through 20th century.
The exposition shows almost all stages of the development of firearms and artillery. There is a considerable amount of long-barreled firearms with different locks and locking systems. Among the earliest - Eastern matchlock gun of 15th-20th centuries, wheel-lock musket and carbine of 17th century, hand-held mortar and blunderbusses (tromblons) with flintlocks.
Army guns and rifles of 19th - early 20th centuries attract undoubted interest. Among them - Springfield Rifle (model 1864), Berdan rifle (Russia), Winchester Rifle (models 1895/1907), Ross-Enfield Rifle (Great Britain) and others.
Hunting rifles of different calibers, gauge sizes (starting with the 4-bore) and systems occupy a significant place in the section. Among the most famous are: Dreyse, Lancaster, Browning, Darne Rifles etc. The exposition also contains almost all types of first handguns and revolvers. Among them - pin pistols and revolvers (incl. revolver-bayonet made by English enterprise “Adams” and tiny Belgian revolver-ring). Marriette and Sharps pepperboxes (multi-barrel handguns) are zests of the section. There are several types of artillery guns in the Museum. One can see Cossack cannons of small calibers of 17th-18th cc., ship cannons of 17th-19th cc. The mortar cast in Lviv in 1529 is the brightest and the earliest exhibit.